Obesity is a condition where a man has accumulated so much body fat that it may negatively affect their health. If a person's body weight is higher than at least by 20% it should be, he or she is considered obese. If BMI is between 25 and 29.9 you are considered overweight. If BMI is 30 or over you are considered obese. Obesity is most normally brought on by a combination of excessive food intake, lack of physical activity and hereditary susceptibility. Some cases are brought about essentially by genes, endocrine disorders, mental illness or medications. Obesity is controlled through a blend of social changes and individual decisions. Changes to eating routine and exercises are the fundamental medicines. Diet quality can be enhanced by decreasing the utilization energy-dense foods, such as those high in fat and sugars, and by increasing the intake of dietary fiber. 

In a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, just a little part of the stomach is utilized to make another stomach pouch, generally the size of an egg. The smaller stomach is associated specifically to the center part of the small intestine (jejunum), bypassing the rest of the stomach and the upper part of the small intestine (duodenum).This procedure is finished by making a few little incisions and utilizing small instruments and a camera to direct the surgery.

Gastric Plication is another bariatric surgery technique for the moderately obese. Laparoscopic gastric plication, includes sewing at least one or more large folds in the stomach. During the laparoscopic gastric plication the stomach volume is lessened around 70% which makes the stomach ready to hold less and may help you eat less. There is no cutting, stapling, or evacuation of the stomach or intestine during the Gastric Plication. The gastric plication may potentially be reversed or changed over to another procedure if necessary. The gastric plication procedure is minimally invasive and takes around one to two hours to finish. Most patients remain in the hospital for 1-2 days after the procedure.

The balloon is brought into the stomach through the mouth without the requirement for surgery. In this an endoscopic camera (gastroscope) is inserted into the stomach. If no abnormalities are observed, the balloon is put through the mouth and down the throat into the stomach. Once inside the stomach, it is then loaded with a clean saline solution through a little filling tube attached to the balloon. Once filled, the doctor removes the tube by carefully pulling on the outside end, leaving the balloon inside the stomach.

A laparoscopic adjustable gastric band, generally called a lap-band is an inflatable silicone device set around the top portion of the stomach to treat obesity, intended to slow consumption of food and subsequently reduce the amount of food consumed. Adjustable gastric band surgery is a case of bariatric surgery intended for obese patients with a body mass index (BMI) of 40 or more—or between 35 and 40 in cases of patients with certain comorbidities that are known to enhance with weight loss, like diabetes, osteoarthritis, GERD, hypertension.

Biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch Photo Biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch (BPD/DS) is like gastric bypass. Rather than a small stomach pouch, the specialist makes a sleeve- shaped stomach. The specialist then attaches final section of the small intestine to the stomach sleeve. The small intestine ingests calories and nutrients. Bypassing everything except the last section of the small intestine guarantees that far less calories are ingested. Removed portion of the stomach implies fewer hunger-causing hormones are secreted, making patient to feel less hungry generally.

Implanted device occasionally blocks the vagal nerve and prevents it from conveying hunger signs to the brain, making you feel full between meals and full sooner after smaller meals. The doctor will insert the vBloc Therapy device beneath your rib cage simply under the skin. At that point the device is attached to vagal nerve, simply over the stomach, through two leads (wires). The entire technique takes between 60 and 90 minutes.

Sleeve Gastrectomy is a surgical weight loss procedure in which the stomach is lessened to around 15% of its unique size, by surgical evacuation of a large portion of the stomach along the greater curvature. The result is a sleeve or tube like structure. The method permanently reduces the size of the stomach, despite the fact that there could be some dilatation of the stomach later on in life. The procedure is for the most part performed laparoscopically and is irreversible.

developing as an effective system in the treatment of bariatric surgery complexities in chose patients, while avoiding invasive surgical reoperation. Bariatric surgery achieves durable and significant weight loss. The rising commonness of obesity and the accomplishment of surgical interventions incited to a stamped increase in the number of weight-loss surgeries.

Patients should be assessed by a multidisciplinary group, which may include endocrinologists, dieticians, psychologists, specialist nurses, and experienced surgeons and anaesthetists. Patients should be evaluated for indicators of systemic or pulmonary hypertension, ischaemic heart disease, and heart failure. In addition to a detailed history and examination, the ECG may show indications of right ventricular hypertrophy. Further cardiac evaluation may include stress echocardiography and cardiopulmonary exercise testing.

Catabolism is the set of metabolic pathways that breaks down molecules into smaller units that are either oxidized to release energy, or used in other anabolic reactions. Catabolism breaks down large molecules such as polysaccharides, lipids, nucleic acids and proteins into smaller units like monosaccharides, fatty acids, nucleotides, and amino acids. Cells use the monomers released from breaking down polymers to either construct new polymer molecules, or degrade the monomers further to simple waste products, releasing energy. The creation of these wastes is usually an oxidation process involving a release of chemical free energy, some of which is lost as heat, but the rest of which is used to drive the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

Anabolism is the set of metabolic pathways that construct molecules from smaller units. These reactions require energy, known also as an endergonic process. Many anabolic processes are powered by the hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Anabolic processes tend toward "building up" organs and tissues. These processes produce growth and differentiation of cells and increase in body size, a process that involves synthesis of complex molecules.

Bariatric surgery patients, after satisfactory weight reduction may regain weight if they go back to bad eating habits and sedentary lifestyle. Other causes may be equally important factors for regaining weight, for instance, craving for sweets or fattening foods in general, excessive consumption of alcohol, increase in the diameter of the gastrojejunal anastomosis and the length of the gastric pouch. Weight regain may happen after satisfactory loss of excess weight or even before that if treatment in itself does not have its desired impact, bringing about inadequate weight loss. This procedure is seen, however numerous patients don't look for assistance from the attending staff for many reasons, among them feeling of failure at the chance for effective weight loss so expected with the operation, which then becomes a nightmare.

Bariatric surgery is a major occasion in a patient's weight-loss travel, yet the occasion is best seen as a fresh start. Obesity is a long lasting illness and there is no operation, eating routine or medication that can by itself offer a permanent cure. Surgery with great aftercare and direct way of life changes can give superb long-term results for health and weight. In the weeks after surgery, your specialist will have an arrangement for you to take after, including guidelines for nutrition and activity. This may include a liquid diet for a period of time followed by a progression to soft foods, and in the long run more regular food. While you are healing in the initial couple of months, it is additional difficult to get enough liquid. Most specialists advise a goal of 64oz or more of fluids daily to avoid dehydration, constipation, and kidney stones.